Here are some excerpts and references regarding the history of the event at Bolton Landing:

Bolton Landing Chamber of Commerce events calendar

“Marquis Louis-Joseph de Montcalm used the shores of Bolton Landing on Lac Saint-Sacrament (Lake George) as a rendezvous point in August 1757 for French troops coming by land and water to advance on Fort William Henry, also known as Fort George. Bolton Landing served as the strategic meeting point for the French as they struggled for power and control of the important waterway” – from the Bolton Landing Chamber of Commerce website

Adventure in the Wilderness: The American Journals of Louis Antoine de Bougainville, 1756-1760, translated and edited by Edward P. Hamilton, University of Oklahoma Press, 1964.  I’m referencing the edition with ISBN 0-8061-2248-X.  These are excerpts I thought interesting or relevant; I’ve skipped extensive passages, and the day’s entries are not complete.

July 18: [p. 131] For ten days they have been working to get up the carry to Lake St. Sacrement the bateaux needed to carry the troops, munitions, provisions, and artillery.  The carry is long and difficult.  Everything is hauled by hand.  It is not that there are no oxen or horses here, but that there is nothing to feed them with, and, lacking nourishment, they have not enough strength to do their job.

July 19: The Montreal militia arrived at four, three hundred in number.  They camped here this evening and will go to the Portage tomorrow.  There are now 160 bateaux which have been carried up to Lake St. Sacrement.  At least 250 are needed.  The continual rains have spoiled the road.

July 21: [p. 134] The Indians, at last, passed this afternoon to M. de Rigaud’s camp.  They are portaging their canoes, provided that they will be paid for this transport.

July 23: [p. 140] Yesterday evening the reconnaissance barge came back to report that it has seen six English barges in the vicinity of Isle de la Barque.  M. de Corbière left at once with about 450 men, almost all Indians, to lay an ambush among the islands with which this part of the lake is covered.  A small canoe was sent on reconnaissance from one of these islands, another was sent from a more distant island.  At daybreak the first canoe returned, and the second, passing in sight of the Indians on the most advanced island, was taken for an enemy.  Someone fired and his shot wounded two Ottawa chiefs, one of whom died.

July 26: [p. 146] The army is to march in two divisions, one by land under the orders of he Chevalier de Lévis, and the other by bateaux.  The land party, which has some ten leagues to make through the woods and very difficult mountains, should leave two days ahead of the other in order to arrive at the same time at Ganaouské Bay [this is now Bolton Landing].  It has been decided that it will start the twenty-ninth.

July 31: [p. 155] One has no idea of the difficulty involved in moving a considerable amount of artillery, 250 bateaux, food for six weeks for one thousand men, all this without horses or oxen, by men’s arms alone.

[There follows an Embarkation Table, which lists 115 bateaux for artillery (1330 men), 32 for provisions (440 men), 3 for a field hospital (45 men), 7 for headquarters and staff (100 men), 90 for troops (1927 men), and 2 with Indians (300 Indians in these plus canoes).]

[p. 156] Among the artillery bateaux are thirty-one pontoons made of two bateaux fastened together with a platform on top.  These pontoons carry the cannon and mortars, mounted on their carriages.  They are very well conceived for a lake with high shores like Lake St. Sacrement.

August 1: The army embarked at two in the afternoon …  M. Jaquot’s bateau headed the flotilla, composed of 250 sail.  Halted at five o’clock four leagues from Carillon beyond Isla La Barque, where the Indians who left yesterday and who waited for is took the lead in 150 birchbark canoes.

August 2: [p. 157] At two in the morning the Marquis de Montcalm reached the Bay of Ganaouské, rendezvous given to the land divisions.  Three fires lighted on the shore, which was the signal agreed upon, assured us that the Chevalier de Lévis was there.

Here are some web resources:

Kronoskaf – 1757 – French expedition against Fort William Henry

Wikipedia – Siege of Fort William Henry

Also see:

Documents relative to the colonial history: procured in Holland, England and France, John Romeyn Brodhead, Albany: Weed, Parsons, and Company, 1858.

A search of “Ganaouské” turns up a number of references, mostly in French, of which I have not found much that materially adds to de Bougainville.


Back to the 2012 Big Row main page